and social environment as factors of crop distribution and production. Agro ecology; cropping pattern as indicators of

environments. Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops, animals and humans. Climate change—

International conventions and global initiatives. Green house effect and global warming. Advance tools for

ecosystem analysis—Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

Cropping patterns in different agro-climatic zones of the country. Impact of high-yielding and short-duration

varieties on shifts in cropping patterns. Concepts of various cropping, and farming systems. Organic and Precision

farming. Package of practices for production of important cereals, pulses, oil seeds, fibres, sugar, commercial and

fodder crops.

and natural forests: Propagation of forest plants. Forest products. Agro-forestry and value addition. Conservation of

forest flora and fauna.

Weeds, their characteristics, dissemination and association with various crops; their multiplications; cultural,

biological, and chemical control of weeds.

Soil—physical, chemical and biological properties. Processes and factors of soil formation. Soils of India.

Mineral and organic constituents of soils and their role in maintaining soil productivity. Essential plant nutrients and

other beneficial elements in soils and plants. Principles of soil fertility, soil testing and fertiliser recommendations,

integrated nutrient management Biofertilizers. Losses of nitrogen in soil, nitrogen-use efficiency in submerged rice

soils, nitrogen fixation in soils. Efficient phosphorus and potassium use. Problem soils and their reclamation. Soil

factors affecting green house gas emission.

Soil conservation, integrated watershed management. Soil erosion and its management. Dry land agriculture

and its problems. Technology for stabilising agriculture production in rainfed areas.

reducing run-off losses of irrigation water. Rainwater harvesting.  Drip and sprinkler irrigation. Drainage of waterlogged

soils,

quality

of

irrigation

water,

effect

of

industrial

effluents

on

soil

and

water

pollution.

Irrigation

projects

in

India.

Farm management, scope, importance and characteristics, farm planning.  Optimum resource use and

budgeting. Economics of different types of farming systems. Marketing management strategies for development,

market intelligence. Price fluctuations and their cost; role of co-operatives in agricultural economy; types and systems

of farming and factors affecting them. Agricultural price policy. Crop Insurance.

Agricultural extension, its importance and role, methods of evaluation of extension programmes, socio-

economic survey and status of big, small and marginal farmers and landless agricultural labourers; Training

programmes for extension workers. Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendra‘s (KVK) in dissemination of Agricultural

technologies. Non-Government Organisation (NGO) and self-help group approach for rural development.

Chromosome structure, chromosomal aberrations, linkage and cross-over, and their significance in recombination

breeding. Polyploidy, euploids and aneuploids. Mutation—and their role in crop improvement. Heritability, sterility

and incompatibility, classification and their application in crop improvement. Cytoplasmic inheritance, sex-linked,

sex-influenced and sex-limited characters.

History of plant breeding. Modes of reproduction, selfing and crossing techniques. Origin, evolution and

domestication of crop plants, center of origin, law of homologous series, crop genetic resources—conservation and

utilization. Application of principles of plant breeding, improvement of crop plants. Molecular markers and their

application in plant improvement. Pure-line selection, pedigree, mass and recurrent selections, combining ability, its

significance in plant breeding. Heterosis and its exploitation. Somatic hybridization. Breeding for disease and pest

resistance. Role of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. Role of genetic engineering and biotechnology in crop

improvement Gernetically modified crop plants.

and seed registration. Role of public and private sectors in seed production, and marketing. Intellectual Property

Rights (IPR) issues, WTO issues and its impact on Agriculture.

Principles of Plant Physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, translocation and metabolism of

nutrients. Soil-water-plant relationship.

Enzymes and plant pigments; photosynthesis—modern concepts and factors affecting the process, aerobic and

anaerobic respiration; C3, C4 and CAM mechanisms. Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Growth and

development; photoperiodism and vernalization. Plant growth substances and their role in crop production. Physiology

of seed development and germination; dormancy. Stress physiology—draught, salt and water stress.

Major fruits, plantation crops, vegetables, spices and flower crops. Package practices of major horticultural

crops. Protected cultivation and high tech horticulture. Post-harvest technology and value addition of fruits and

vegetables. Landscaping and commercial floriculture. Medicinal and aromatic plants. Role of fruits and vegetables in

human nutrition.

importance. Classification of pests and diseases and their management. Intergrated pest and diseases management.

Storage pests and their management. Biological control of pests and diseases. Epidemiology and forecasting of major

crop pests and diseases. Plant quarantine measures. Pesticides, their formulation and modes of action.

Food production and consumption trends in India. Food security and growing population—vision 2020.

Reasons for grain surplus. National and International food policies. Production, procurement, distribution constraints.

Availability of food grains, per capita expenditure on food. Trends in poverty, Public Distribution System and Below

Poverty Line population, Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS), policy implementation in context to

globalization. Processing constraints. Relation of food production to National Dietary Guidelines and food

consumption pattern. Food based dietary approaches to eliminate hunger. Nutrient deficiency—Micro nutrient

deficiency: Protein Energy Malnutrition or Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PEM or PCM), Micro nutrient deficiency

and HRD in context of work capacity of women and children. Food grain productivity and food security.

and social environment as factors of crop distribution and production. Agro ecology; cropping pattern as indicators of

environments. Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops, animals and humans. Climate change—

International conventions and global initiatives. Green house effect and global warming. Advance tools for

ecosystem analysis—Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

Cropping patterns in different agro-climatic zones of the country. Impact of high-yielding and short-duration

varieties on shifts in cropping patterns. Concepts of various cropping, and farming systems. Organic and Precision

farming. Package of practices for production of important cereals, pulses, oil seeds, fibres, sugar, commercial and

fodder crops.

and natural forests: Propagation of forest plants. Forest products. Agro-forestry and value addition. Conservation of

forest flora and fauna.

Weeds, their characteristics, dissemination and association with various crops; their multiplications; cultural,

biological, and chemical control of weeds.

Soil—physical, chemical and biological properties. Processes and factors of soil formation. Soils of India.

Mineral and organic constituents of soils and their role in maintaining soil productivity. Essential plant nutrients and

other beneficial elements in soils and plants. Principles of soil fertility, soil testing and fertiliser recommendations,

integrated nutrient management Biofertilizers. Losses of nitrogen in soil, nitrogen-use efficiency in submerged rice

soils, nitrogen fixation in soils. Efficient phosphorus and potassium use. Problem soils and their reclamation. Soil

factors affecting green house gas emission.

Soil conservation, integrated watershed management. Soil erosion and its management. Dry land agriculture

and its problems. Technology for stabilising agriculture production in rainfed areas.

reducing run-off losses of irrigation water. Rainwater harvesting.  Drip and sprinkler irrigation. Drainage of waterlogged

soils,

quality

of

irrigation

water,

effect

of

industrial

effluents

on

soil

and

water

pollution.

Irrigation

projects

in

India.

Farm management, scope, importance and characteristics, farm planning.  Optimum resource use and

budgeting. Economics of different types of farming systems. Marketing management strategies for development,

market intelligence. Price fluctuations and their cost; role of co-operatives in agricultural economy; types and systems

of farming and factors affecting them. Agricultural price policy. Crop Insurance.

Agricultural extension, its importance and role, methods of evaluation of extension programmes, socio-

economic survey and status of big, small and marginal farmers and landless agricultural labourers; Training

programmes for extension workers. Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendra‘s (KVK) in dissemination of Agricultural

technologies. Non-Government Organisation (NGO) and self-help group approach for rural development.

Chromosome structure, chromosomal aberrations, linkage and cross-over, and their significance in recombination

breeding. Polyploidy, euploids and aneuploids. Mutation—and their role in crop improvement. Heritability, sterility

and incompatibility, classification and their application in crop improvement. Cytoplasmic inheritance, sex-linked,

sex-influenced and sex-limited characters.

History of plant breeding. Modes of reproduction, selfing and crossing techniques. Origin, evolution and

domestication of crop plants, center of origin, law of homologous series, crop genetic resources—conservation and

utilization. Application of principles of plant breeding, improvement of crop plants. Molecular markers and their

application in plant improvement. Pure-line selection, pedigree, mass and recurrent selections, combining ability, its

significance in plant breeding. Heterosis and its exploitation. Somatic hybridization. Breeding for disease and pest

resistance. Role of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. Role of genetic engineering and biotechnology in crop

improvement Gernetically modified crop plants.

and seed registration. Role of public and private sectors in seed production, and marketing. Intellectual Property

Rights (IPR) issues, WTO issues and its impact on Agriculture.

Principles of Plant Physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, translocation and metabolism of

nutrients. Soil-water-plant relationship.

Enzymes and plant pigments; photosynthesis—modern concepts and factors affecting the process, aerobic and

anaerobic respiration; C3, C4 and CAM mechanisms. Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Growth and

development; photoperiodism and vernalization. Plant growth substances and their role in crop production. Physiology

of seed development and germination; dormancy. Stress physiology—draught, salt and water stress.

Major fruits, plantation crops, vegetables, spices and flower crops. Package practices of major horticultural

crops. Protected cultivation and high tech horticulture. Post-harvest technology and value addition of fruits and

vegetables. Landscaping and commercial floriculture. Medicinal and aromatic plants. Role of fruits and vegetables in

human nutrition.

importance. Classification of pests and diseases and their management. Intergrated pest and diseases management.

Storage pests and their management. Biological control of pests and diseases. Epidemiology and forecasting of major

crop pests and diseases. Plant quarantine measures. Pesticides, their formulation and modes of action.

Food production and consumption trends in India. Food security and growing population—vision 2020.

Reasons for grain surplus. National and International food policies. Production, procurement, distribution constraints.

Availability of food grains, per capita expenditure on food. Trends in poverty, Public Distribution System and Below

Poverty Line population, Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS), policy implementation in context to

globalization. Processing constraints. Relation of food production to National Dietary Guidelines and food

consumption pattern. Food based dietary approaches to eliminate hunger. Nutrient deficiency—Micro nutrient

deficiency: Protein Energy Malnutrition or Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PEM or PCM), Micro nutrient deficiency

and HRD in context of work capacity of women and children. Food grain productivity and food security.

and social environment as factors of crop distribution and production. Agro ecology; cropping pattern as indicators of

environments. Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops, animals and humans. Climate change—

International conventions and global initiatives. Green house effect and global warming. Advance tools for

ecosystem analysis—Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

Cropping patterns in different agro-climatic zones of the country. Impact of high-yielding and short-duration

varieties on shifts in cropping patterns. Concepts of various cropping, and farming systems. Organic and Precision

farming. Package of practices for production of important cereals, pulses, oil seeds, fibres, sugar, commercial and

fodder crops.

and natural forests: Propagation of forest plants. Forest products. Agro-forestry and value addition. Conservation of

forest flora and fauna.

Weeds, their characteristics, dissemination and association with various crops; their multiplications; cultural,

biological, and chemical control of weeds.

Soil—physical, chemical and biological properties. Processes and factors of soil formation. Soils of India.

Mineral and organic constituents of soils and their role in maintaining soil productivity. Essential plant nutrients and

other beneficial elements in soils and plants. Principles of soil fertility, soil testing and fertiliser recommendations,

integrated nutrient management Biofertilizers. Losses of nitrogen in soil, nitrogen-use efficiency in submerged rice

soils, nitrogen fixation in soils. Efficient phosphorus and potassium use. Problem soils and their reclamation. Soil

factors affecting green house gas emission.

Soil conservation, integrated watershed management. Soil erosion and its management. Dry land agriculture

and its problems. Technology for stabilising agriculture production in rainfed areas.

reducing run-off losses of irrigation water. Rainwater harvesting.  Drip and sprinkler irrigation. Drainage of waterlogged

soils,

quality

of

irrigation

water,

effect

of

industrial

effluents

on

soil

and

water

pollution.

Irrigation

projects

in

India.

Farm management, scope, importance and characteristics, farm planning.  Optimum resource use and

budgeting. Economics of different types of farming systems. Marketing management strategies for development,

market intelligence. Price fluctuations and their cost; role of co-operatives in agricultural economy; types and systems

of farming and factors affecting them. Agricultural price policy. Crop Insurance.

Agricultural extension, its importance and role, methods of evaluation of extension programmes, socio-

economic survey and status of big, small and marginal farmers and landless agricultural labourers; Training

programmes for extension workers. Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendra‘s (KVK) in dissemination of Agricultural

technologies. Non-Government Organisation (NGO) and self-help group approach for rural development.

Chromosome structure, chromosomal aberrations, linkage and cross-over, and their significance in recombination

breeding. Polyploidy, euploids and aneuploids. Mutation—and their role in crop improvement. Heritability, sterility

and incompatibility, classification and their application in crop improvement. Cytoplasmic inheritance, sex-linked,

sex-influenced and sex-limited characters.

History of plant breeding. Modes of reproduction, selfing and crossing techniques. Origin, evolution and

domestication of crop plants, center of origin, law of homologous series, crop genetic resources—conservation and

utilization. Application of principles of plant breeding, improvement of crop plants. Molecular markers and their

application in plant improvement. Pure-line selection, pedigree, mass and recurrent selections, combining ability, its

significance in plant breeding. Heterosis and its exploitation. Somatic hybridization. Breeding for disease and pest

resistance. Role of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. Role of genetic engineering and biotechnology in crop

improvement Gernetically modified crop plants.

and seed registration. Role of public and private sectors in seed production, and marketing. Intellectual Property

Rights (IPR) issues, WTO issues and its impact on Agriculture.

Principles of Plant Physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, translocation and metabolism of

nutrients. Soil-water-plant relationship.

Enzymes and plant pigments; photosynthesis—modern concepts and factors affecting the process, aerobic and

anaerobic respiration; C3, C4 and CAM mechanisms. Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Growth and

development; photoperiodism and vernalization. Plant growth substances and their role in crop production. Physiology

of seed development and germination; dormancy. Stress physiology—draught, salt and water stress.

Major fruits, plantation crops, vegetables, spices and flower crops. Package practices of major horticultural

crops. Protected cultivation and high tech horticulture. Post-harvest technology and value addition of fruits and

vegetables. Landscaping and commercial floriculture. Medicinal and aromatic plants. Role of fruits and vegetables in

human nutrition.

importance. Classification of pests and diseases and their management. Intergrated pest and diseases management.

Storage pests and their management. Biological control of pests and diseases. Epidemiology and forecasting of major

crop pests and diseases. Plant quarantine measures. Pesticides, their formulation and modes of action.

Food production and consumption trends in India. Food security and growing population—vision 2020.

Reasons for grain surplus. National and International food policies. Production, procurement, distribution constraints.

Availability of food grains, per capita expenditure on food. Trends in poverty, Public Distribution System and Below

Poverty Line population, Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS), policy implementation in context to

globalization. Processing constraints. Relation of food production to National Dietary Guidelines and food

consumption pattern. Food based dietary approaches to eliminate hunger. Nutrient deficiency—Micro nutrient

deficiency: Protein Energy Malnutrition or Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PEM or PCM), Micro nutrient deficiency

and HRD in context of work capacity of women and children. Food grain productivity and food security.

and social environment as factors of crop distribution and production. Agro ecology; cropping pattern as indicators of

environments. Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops, animals and humans. Climate change—

International conventions and global initiatives. Green house effect and global warming. Advance tools for

ecosystem analysis—Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

Cropping patterns in different agro-climatic zones of the country. Impact of high-yielding and short-duration

varieties on shifts in cropping patterns. Concepts of various cropping, and farming systems. Organic and Precision

farming. Package of practices for production of important cereals, pulses, oil seeds, fibres, sugar, commercial and

fodder crops.

and natural forests: Propagation of forest plants. Forest products. Agro-forestry and value addition. Conservation of

forest flora and fauna.

Weeds, their characteristics, dissemination and association with various crops; their multiplications; cultural,

biological, and chemical control of weeds.

Soil—physical, chemical and biological properties. Processes and factors of soil formation. Soils of India.

Mineral and organic constituents of soils and their role in maintaining soil productivity. Essential plant nutrients and

other beneficial elements in soils and plants. Principles of soil fertility, soil testing and fertiliser recommendations,

integrated nutrient management Biofertilizers. Losses of nitrogen in soil, nitrogen-use efficiency in submerged rice

soils, nitrogen fixation in soils. Efficient phosphorus and potassium use. Problem soils and their reclamation. Soil

factors affecting green house gas emission.

Soil conservation, integrated watershed management. Soil erosion and its management. Dry land agriculture

and its problems. Technology for stabilising agriculture production in rainfed areas.

reducing run-off losses of irrigation water. Rainwater harvesting.  Drip and sprinkler irrigation. Drainage of waterlogged

soils,

quality

of

irrigation

water,

effect

of

industrial

effluents

on

soil

and

water

pollution.

Irrigation

projects

in

India.

Farm management, scope, importance and characteristics, farm planning.  Optimum resource use and

budgeting. Economics of different types of farming systems. Marketing management strategies for development,

market intelligence. Price fluctuations and their cost; role of co-operatives in agricultural economy; types and systems

of farming and factors affecting them. Agricultural price policy. Crop Insurance.

Agricultural extension, its importance and role, methods of evaluation of extension programmes, socio-

economic survey and status of big, small and marginal farmers and landless agricultural labourers; Training

programmes for extension workers. Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendra‘s (KVK) in dissemination of Agricultural

technologies. Non-Government Organisation (NGO) and self-help group approach for rural development.

Chromosome structure, chromosomal aberrations, linkage and cross-over, and their significance in recombination

breeding. Polyploidy, euploids and aneuploids. Mutation—and their role in crop improvement. Heritability, sterility

and incompatibility, classification and their application in crop improvement. Cytoplasmic inheritance, sex-linked,

sex-influenced and sex-limited characters.

History of plant breeding. Modes of reproduction, selfing and crossing techniques. Origin, evolution and

domestication of crop plants, center of origin, law of homologous series, crop genetic resources—conservation and

utilization. Application of principles of plant breeding, improvement of crop plants. Molecular markers and their

application in plant improvement. Pure-line selection, pedigree, mass and recurrent selections, combining ability, its

significance in plant breeding. Heterosis and its exploitation. Somatic hybridization. Breeding for disease and pest

resistance. Role of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. Role of genetic engineering and biotechnology in crop

improvement Gernetically modified crop plants.

and seed registration. Role of public and private sectors in seed production, and marketing. Intellectual Property

Rights (IPR) issues, WTO issues and its impact on Agriculture.

Principles of Plant Physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, translocation and metabolism of

nutrients. Soil-water-plant relationship.

Enzymes and plant pigments; photosynthesis—modern concepts and factors affecting the process, aerobic and

anaerobic respiration; C3, C4 and CAM mechanisms. Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Growth and

development; photoperiodism and vernalization. Plant growth substances and their role in crop production. Physiology

of seed development and germination; dormancy. Stress physiology—draught, salt and water stress.

Major fruits, plantation crops, vegetables, spices and flower crops. Package practices of major horticultural

crops. Protected cultivation and high tech horticulture. Post-harvest technology and value addition of fruits and

vegetables. Landscaping and commercial floriculture. Medicinal and aromatic plants. Role of fruits and vegetables in

human nutrition.

importance. Classification of pests and diseases and their management. Intergrated pest and diseases management.

Storage pests and their management. Biological control of pests and diseases. Epidemiology and forecasting of major

crop pests and diseases. Plant quarantine measures. Pesticides, their formulation and modes of action.

Food production and consumption trends in India. Food security and growing population—vision 2020.

Reasons for grain surplus. National and International food policies. Production, procurement, distribution constraints.

Availability of food grains, per capita expenditure on food. Trends in poverty, Public Distribution System and Below

Poverty Line population, Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS), policy implementation in context to

globalization. Processing constraints. Relation of food production to National Dietary Guidelines and food

consumption pattern. Food based dietary approaches to eliminate hunger. Nutrient deficiency—Micro nutrient

deficiency: Protein Energy Malnutrition or Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PEM or PCM), Micro nutrient deficiency

and HRD in context of work capacity of women and children. Food grain productivity and food security.