Uttrakhand Main Notes(Question-Answer Format)

Complete  Syllabus in Question Answer Format(questions on every topic)

Uttrakhand PCS Main Notes(Question-Answer Format)

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General Studies Paper

Answer Key General Studies Paper

General Aptitude Paper

Answer Key General Aptitude Paper

 

PAPER I

HINDI LANGUAGE,ENGLISH LANGUAGE,ESSAY

PAPER II(History of India, National Movement, Society and Culture)

Indian History, Culture and National Movement

  Pre- historic period :- Races and culture.

Proto-historic period :-  Early Stone Age- Hunters and Gatherers; Mesolithic

Period- Food producers.

Copper Age :- Farming Culture, Settlements, Copper hoards, Ochre Coloured

Pottery. Bronze Age Civilization- Harappan Civilization-Geographical Expansion,

Town Planning ,Construction and Drainage system. Political System, Social,

Economic and Religious life etc.

Vedic Civilization:- Rigvedic Age- Political, Social, Economic and Religious life,

Later Vedic Period- Political, Social, Economic Religious and Cultural life, Age of

Epic and Dharma Shastras;  Religious Movements in 6th century B.C: Jainism,

Buddhism and other sects.

Mahajanapadas and rise of Magadhan Empire, Persian and Greek invasion: Persian

invasion; Alexander, the Great and his legacy.

Mauryan Empire :- Chandragupta Maurya, Bindusar, Ashoka and his Dhamma;

Decline of Mauryan Empire; Political, Social, Economic, and Cultural life etc. in

Mauryan period.

Post Mauryan period- Political, Social, Economic, Religious and Cultural life

during Saka, Kushana, Pahlava, Vakataka and Satavahana, Rule.

Gupta Dynasty :- Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, Chandragupta II, Skandagupta;

Later Gupta  rulers and decline of Gupta Dynasty; Political, Social, Economic

Religious and Cultural life during Gupta period, Post-Gupta Period: Harshvardhan

and his times; Pal, Pratihara, Rashtrakuta, Chola, Chalukya, Pallava Chandel,

Paramar, Gaharwad, Chauhan, Post-Gupta Period: Political, Social, Economic

Religious and Cultural life.

Advent of Islam in India, Arab invasion of Sindh, Turk invasion of India,

Establishment of Delhi Sultanate :- Qutubuddin Aibak, Iltutmish, Razia: Nature of

early Turkish rule; Balban: theory of Kingship and Judicial System.

 Khalji dynasty : Jalaluddin Khalji, Alauddin Khalji-Expansion of Sultanate,

Administration, reforms, Military reforms, Economic Reforms.

Tughlaq Dynasty : Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq- Political and

administrative experiments, Feroze Shah Tughlaq;  Mongol invasion and its impact.

Disintegration of Delhi Sultanate, First Afghan Empire, Rise of independent Muslim

states in northern India- Sharqis of Jaunpur ;  Kashmir – Sultan Sikander and Sultan

Zainnul Abidin, States of Malwa, Bengal, Gujarat and other States.

Socio- religious movements : Sufism and Bhakti movements.

Southern India :  Sangam Age, Yadavas of Deogiri, Kakatiyas of Warangal,

Hoysals of Dwarsamudra and Pandyas of Madurai. Chola dynasty. Political, Social,

Economic, Religious and Cultural life.

Vijayanagar and Bahmani Empire-Political Social, Eonomic, Religions and Cultural

life, Political, Social, Economical and Cultural life of Delhi Sultanate.

Establishment of Mughal Empire :- Babar, Humayun, Shershah Suri, Akbar,

Jahangir Shahjahan, Aurangzeb. Later Mughals and fall of Mughal Empire, Bahadur

Shah Zafar Mughal administration ; Social, Economic Religious life; Art and Culture.

Rise of  Maratha power :- Shivaji and his administration, Rise of Peshwas :

Bundelas, Sikhs, Jats and Satnamis.

Advent and expansion of European powers in India :- Portuguese, Dutch, French

and British.

Anglo French rivalry and Carnatic Wars.

Colonization : East India Company and Bengal, Nawab- Sirajuddaula, Battle of

Plassey, Mir Jafar, Mir Quasim, Battle of Buxar, Dual Government in Bengal,

Second Governorship of Lord Clive.

Society and Economy during 18^th

 Century : Expansion and Consolidation of

British Power in India-Warren Hastings, Lord Cornwallis, Lord Wellesley, Lord

Hastings, Lord William Bentinck, Lord Ellenborough and annexation of Sindh, Lord

Auckland and First Afghan war.

Indian States and the British – Mysore, Punjab, Avadh, Hyderabad and Maratha :

Lord Dalhousie.

Structure of Government and economic policies of British Empire in India

(1757-1857) : Administrative organization, Social and Cultural policies.

Socio-religious reform movements in the 19^th   century : Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Theosophical Society etc.

Opposition to British rule :- Tribal and non – military revolts, popular movements

and military revolts between 1757 and 1856. Revolt of 1857 – causes, nature,

expansion, consequences and failure.

Administrative changes after 1858, Economic Impact of British rule. Impact of

Industrialization on Indian economy.

Indian National Movement :-Growth ofIndian Nationalism: Rise of Nationalism in

India, Predecessors of Indian National Congress. Indian National Congress-origin.

Moderates and Extremists in the Congress; Partition of Bengal (1905), Swadeshi

Movement (1905), Establishment of Muslim league (1906) ;  Surat Session and first

split in the Congress (1907) Morley –Minto reforms (1909).

First world war and National movement :- Home Rule movement Lucknow Pact

(1916), Champaran, Kheda Satyagraha (1917). Gandhian era: National Movement

(1919-1927) Montague Chelmsford Reforms (1919), Rowlatt Act (1919),

Jallianwalabagh Massacre, Khilafat and Non Cooperation Movements (1919-1922),

Chauri-Chaura episode (1922). Swaraj Party and Simon Commission (1927).

Revolutionary movements in India and abroad.

National Movement (1927-1947) :- Boycott of Simon Commission, Nehru Report,

Lahore Session of Congress (1929), Press and National Movement. Poorna Swaraj,

Civil Disobedience Movement. First Round Table conference, Gandhi – Irwin Pact,

Second Round Table Conference; Second Phase of Civil Disobedience Movement,

Communal Award, Third Round Table Conference, Poona Pact, B. R. Ambedkar and

Dalit reform movements.

Nationalist Polities (1935-39) :- Government of India Act 1935, Congress ministries,

Growth of Socialist,  Communist, Capitalist  ideas,  their forms and effect on the

society. Peasant and workers movements.

Congress and World affairs, Resignation of Congress Ministries, Subhash Chandra

bosh and Azad Hind Fauj (I.N.A.), Growth of communalism and demand for

Pakistan.

National Movement during Second World War :- August Resolution, Individual

Civil Dis-obedience Movement, Cripps Mission, Quit India Movement, C.R. Das

Formula, Gandhi-Jinnah Talk,  Bhoola Bhai Desai – Liyaquat Ali Pact, Wavell Plan

and Simla Conference, Provincial and General elections, Cabinet Mission Plan,

Indian National Army, Direct Action Day, Interim Government, Mountbatten Plan,

Indian Independence Act 1947.Communal riots and Partition of India.

India after Independence :- Constituent Assembly and drafting of Indian

Constitution.

Five-Year Plans, Nationalisation of Banks, Abolition of Privy Purses, J.P. (Jai

Prakash Narayan) Movement, Emergency, Era of Coalition Goverments, Internal

insurgency.

Foreign Policy :- Panchsheel, War between Indo-China and Indo-Pak, Non Aligned

movement, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).

History and Culture of Uttarakhand

Prehistoric period, Proto-historic period, Ancient tribes of Uttarakhand, Kunindas and

Yaudheyas, Katyuri dynasty, Parmar dynasty in Garhwal- Rule, Administration,

Society, Economy, Chand dynasty of Kumaon- Rule, Administration, Society,

Economy, Gorkha invasion and rule in Uttarakhand, Religion and Culture in

Uttarakhand.

British Rule in Uttarakhand :- Administrative System, Social reforms, Economy,

Education and Health, Growth of Vernacular Press in Uttarakhand, Tehri Estate-

Rule, Administration, Society, Economy, Religion and Culture, Uttarakhand and

National Movement, Prominent Freedom Fighters of Uttarakhand, Independence and

merger of the state of Tehri.

Popular Movements of Uttarakhand :- Coolie- Begar Movement,unrest  against

Tehri State, Dola Palki Movement, Chipko Movement, Anti-Liquor Movement,

Saints and Social Reformers of Uttarakhand, Movement for separate State of

Uttarakhand : Its immediate and far reaching consequences, Religious places and

temples of Uttarakhand, important archaeological sites of  Uttarakhand,

Uttarakhand’s major social, cultural and religious, Fairs, Festivals and tours, Sites of

cultural significance, major songs and dances of  Uttarakhand, musical instruments,

paintings, costumes and food habits, dialects, Prominent folk singers and theatre

artists of Uttarakhand, craft, industry and trade of Uttarakhand, Growth of Education

in Uttarakhand.

 

Third Questions Paper (Indian Polity, Social Justice and International Relation )

Constitutional Framework of Indian Polity

Constitutional Development in India.

Framing of Indian Constitution.

Preamble and its significance.

Salient Features of Indian Constitution.

Fundamental Rights and Duties.

Directive Principles of State Policy.

Federal Structure: Union-State relations.

Parliamentary system in India.

Constitutional Bodies: Election Commission of India, Finance Commission; Comptroller and

Auditor General of India; Union/State Public Service Commission and Other (Appointment, Power

and Responsibilities).

Judiciary : Composition, Role, Judicial Review and Judicial Activism.

Constitutional Amendment methods and important constitutional amendments.

Indian Polity

Union Executive.

State Executive.

Union Parliament and State Legislatures.

Electoral system in India, Salient Features of the Representation of the People Act.

Political Parties and Pressure Groups.

Role of Regional Political Parties.

Public Accountability : Parliamentary, Executive and Judicial.

Citizens and Administration : Citizens Grievance Redressal Institution and Mechanism, Central

Vigilance Commission, and Lok Pal and Lok Ayuktas .

Print and Electronic Media- Its impact on Policy Making, Shaping of public opinion and in

educating the people and Press Council of India.

Administrative system in India

Evolution and Growth of Administrative system in India.

Union Government:  Cabinet Secretariat; Central Secretariat; PMO etc.

Demand for creation of New States.

State Government : State Secretariat; Chief Secretary; Departments and Directorates, Boards,

Corporations and Commissions.

Administration of Union Territories and other specified states and areas in India.

Civil Services in India : Types; Characteristics; Role and Performance.

District Administration.

Administrative Adjudication: Various types of Administrative Tribunals in India.

Lok Adalats and Legal Awareness Campaign.

Administrative Reforms in India including various important Commissions and committees.

Panchayati Raj

Development Administration: Institutions; Policy Initiatives, Strategies, Problems and Challenges.

Local Governance: 73^rd  and 74^th   Constitutional Amendments.

Types of Urban local bodies and Panchayati Raj institutions in India.

Sources of Finance in Urban Local Bodies and Panchayati Raj Institutions.

State Finance Commission and State Election Commission.

Decentralized planning.

Public Management in India

Regulatory Governance.

Law and Rule related Administration.

Citizen centric Governance.

E-Governance.

Right to Services.

Right to Information.

Samadhan Yojana.

Budgetary reforms

Consumer Protection.

Integrity in Administration including measures and mechanism for Prevention of Corruption and

Malpractices in India

Human Resource and Community Development

Employment and Development

Human Resource Management and Human Resource Development and its indicators in India.

Nature, types and Problems of Unemployment in India.

Employment Schemes and Programmes both of Union Government and Uttarakhand Government.

Rural Development and Community Development Programmes- Role of related Institutions and

Organizations including all centrally and State sponsored schemes.

Education

Role of Education especially in Human Resource Development and Social Change.

Education System in India : Problems and Issues (Including Universalization and

Vocationalization).

Education for Girls, other Socially and Economically and other disadvantaged sections of people

and Minorities, etc.

Right to Education, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan in

Uttarakhand.

Status of Higher, Technical and Vocational Education in Uttarakhand.

Role of Various institutions (central, State and Other Organizations) in promotion of Education.

Health

Health as a component of Human Resource Development.

Health Care System in India and Uttarakhand.

Health Indicators.

World Health Organisation : Objectives, Structure, Functions and its Programmes.

Public Private Partnership in Health Care System.

National Rural Health Mission and other related schemes.

Health and Nutrition.

Food Security Act etc.

Social Welfare and Social Legislation

Social Legislation as an element of change.

Social Legislation and schemes (Central and State) for vulnerable section of society.

Protection of civil Rights Act, 1955.

Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989.

Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005.

Social Legislations for the protection and welfare of Children, Women and Minorities, etc.

Sexual Voilence against Women and Children: Preventive Measures.

Welfare of Disabled, Aged and Others: Enactments, Policies, Institutions and Schemes.

International relation 

Principles & Basis of Indian Foreign Policy.

India and her neighbours.

Globalization and its impact on Developing countries.

International and Regional Organisations:

United Nations and its specialized agencies.

Regional organizations-SAARC, ASEAN, EU, NAM, OPEC, Commonwealth  of  Nations etc.

India’s Cultural diplomacy and Indian Diaspora.

Uttarakhand State : Political, Social and Administrative Context

Historical, Political and Social background of  Uttarakhand.

Political and Administrative Culture in the State .

Political system : Party Politics, Coalition Politics, Role and Functions of Regional Political Parties

and Pressure groups.

Administrative System : Structure of the State Government ; Ministries and Departments;

Administrative agencies and District and sub district level Administration.

State Civil Services.

State Public Service Commission.

Lok Ayukta and State Vigilance agencies.

Panchayati Raj and Urban Administration in Uttarakhand.

social Welfare schemes of Uttarakhand.

Current Events

Current events of State level, National and International Importance.

Fourth Questions Paper (India and World Geography)

World Geography : Definition and Major concepts of Geography, Solar System,

Spherical Coordinates & Projections, Time, Earth’s Rotation and Revolution, Lunar

eclipse, Solar eclipse, Isothermic Lines, etc.

Lithosphere :  Origin of Continents & Oceans- Continental Drift theory,

Convectional Current theory and Plate Tectonic theory, Types of Mountains,

Plateaus, Plains, Lakes and Rocks, Drainage Pattern, Agents of Denudation- River,

Wind, Glacier, etc.

Atmosphere  :

 Composition and Structure, Insolation, Heat- budget, Humidity and

Precipitation, Pressure and Wind Belts, etc.

Hydrosphere : Oceans – Bottom Relief, Currents, Tides, Temperature and Salinity,

Hydrological Cycle, etc.

Geographical Phenomena : Earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, Monsoon, ElNino

Effect and cyclones, Natural Hazards and Disasters, etc.

 

Distribution of natural resources : World Distribution of natural resources –

Forests, Iron ore, Bauxite, Coal, Petroleum, Hydel Power, Atomic Power NonConventional

Energy Sources, etc.

Agriculture: AgriculturalLocation,AgriculturalTypes,AgriculturalRegions,etc.

Industries :  Factors of Localization, Textile, Iron and Steel, Cement, SugarIndustries, etc.

Population : Growth, Distribution, Density, Sex-Ratio, Migration, Health, Urbanization, etc.

Main Tribes : Eskimo, Pigmy, Bushmen, Kirgiz, etc.   

Transportation : Trans-Siberian railway, Canadian National, Canadian pacific, Cape

of Good Hope water way, etc.

Environment : Concept of  Ecology and Ecosystem, Bio-diversity – Types and

Depletion, Pollution – Air and Water, Global Warming and Ozone Depletion,

Concept of Sustainable Development, etc.

World Trade : Trade and Economic Groups – World Trade Organization (WTO),

European Economic Community (EEC), Brazil – Russia – India – China – South

Africa (BRICS), South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC), etc.

Geography of India: Location, Extent and Federal Structure, Geological structure,

Relief, Climate, Drainage system, Vegetation, Soils, Water Resource, Resource

Scarcity, Energy Crisis , etc.

Environmental Degradation and Conservation : Air, Water, Soil, etc. 

Minerals : Distribution and Production of Iron-ore, Coal, Petroleum etc.

Agriculture : Wheat, Rice, Millet, Tea, Coffee and Rubber, Agro-Climatic Regions,

Agricultural Revolutions, etc.

Industry :    Location, Production and Trade of Cotton Textile, Cement, Paper,

Sugar, Chemical, etc.

Population : Regional Pattern of Growth, Distribution, Density, Literacy, Sex-ratio,

Rural-urban structure, etc.

Transport : Railways, Highways, Airways and Water ways and their role in regional

development, etc.

Tribes : Habitat, Economy and Society of Gonds, Bhils, Santhals, Nagas, etc and

Trends of their Transformation.

Geography of Uttarakhand : Location, Extent and Strategic Importance, Structure

and Relief, Climatic Characteristics, Drainage system, Natural Vegetation, Mining

and Quarrying, Soils, etc, Agriculture and irrigation, Horticulture, Animal

Husbandry, Storage and Marketing of Farm Products, Tourism – Problems and

Prospects, Population, Distribution, Density, Sex Raito, Migration, Health,

Urbanization and Urban Centres, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled tribes (Bhotia,

Tharu, Jaunsari, Buksa and Van-Raji etc), Transport Network, Industrial development

and Major Hydel Projects.

Environment and Forests movement – Wild Life, National Parks and Sanctuaries,

Natural Hazards and Disaster Management, Chipko Movement and Maiti Movement,

etc.

Fifth Questions Paper (Economic and Social Development)

Economic and social Development

Meaning of Economic and Social Development. Human Development

Index (HDI) and Human Poverty Index (HPI).

Characteristics of Indian Economy : Before and After Independence.

Census of India : Economic and Social features.

Population growth and economic development. Issues related to Role of

women in Economic and Social Development in India.

Impact of globalization on Indian society : Poverty and Development.

Poverty-line and Programmes for eradication of Poverty in India.

Schemes for Rural and Social Development – Welfare and Developmental

Programmes including Self Help Groups (SHGs), MNREGA and

community power structure.

Sustainable development and Inclusive growth.

National Income – Measurement and composition.

Regional imbalances and income inequalities in India : Steps taken by the

Government to reduce it.

Indian Agriculture and Industry

Role of agriculture in Indian economic development-interrelationship

between agriculture, industry and service sectors.

Problems of Agriculture : Land Reform, Soil fertility, Credit Supply-

National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (NABARD), Farm

Subsidies and Minimum Support prices etc.

Public distribution system : Objectives, functioning and Issue of Food

Security.

Industrial Growth and Structure – Public, Private and Joint Sectors,

Industrial sickness. Importance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

(MSMEs), PPP Model of Economic Development.

Role of foreign capital and Multi National Corporations (MNCs) in

industrial development.

New Economic Policy (NEP) – Its Impact on Agriculture, Industry and

Foreign Trade.

Planning and Foreign Trade

Indian planning since 1951 : Objective and Achievements.

Market driven and planned economy : A Comparative view.

India’s Foreign Trade – Volume, Composition and Direction.

Exports Promotion and Imports Substitution.

Balance of payments and Devaluation.

World Trade Organization (WTO), Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual

Property Rights (TRIPS), and Trade Related Investment Measures

(TRIMs), World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and Asian

Development Bank (ADB).

Public Finance and Monetary System

Sources of Income of State and Central Government.

Effects of Taxation, Public Expenditure and Public Debt. Internal and

External Debt. Direct and Indirect Taxes.

Budgetary deficit – Revenue, Primary and Fiscal. Fiscal Responsibility

and Budget Management Act. Fiscal Policy.

Center State Financial Relations and latest Finance Commission.

Monetary Management – Monetary Policy, Credit creation and Credit

Control.

Indian Monetary System – Role of Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and

Commercial Banks in Indian Economy.

Economy of Uttarakhand

Main Features of Economy of the State.

Natural Resources – Water, Forests, Minerals etc.

Infrastructure -  Physical : Transport, Roads, Railways, Airports.

Infrastructure-Institutional : Banks, Self Help Groups (SHGs), Education,

Energy, Communication, Health etc.

Economic Profile of the State: State Domestic Products and their

components, Per Capita income. Main sources of Income – Agriculture,

Forest Products, Hydel Projects, Tourism etc.

Industrial  Development : Problems and Prospects, Large, Medium, Small

and Cottage Industries.

Economic Planning – Challenges of Planning in the State, State Planning

Commission.

Major Economic Problems of the State : Natural Disasters, Migration,

Environmental Degration, Development of Transport and Communication

Facilities etc .

Welfare Programmes : Women’s Empowerment, MNREGA, Sainik

Kalyan & Punarvas etc.

 

 

 

Sixth Questions Paper

General Science and Technology (Physical & Chemical Science )                                                                                                                                                   

Motion: Measurement of physical quantities and system of Units Linear motion, circular motion

and vibrational motion; force and laws of motion; Universal law of gravitation, gravity,

acceleration due to gravity, artificial satellites and their launching, Indian satellites and their

history. work power and energy; Concept of pressure, atmospheric and hydrostatic pressure and

their utility in daily life; surface tension; Mechanical waves- audible, infrasonic, and ultrasonic,

their main characteristics; Earth quake and its causes, epicenter, sesmic waves and their

transmission. Electromagnetic waves, their types and characteristics, X-rays, their type and utility

in human life.

Elementary idea of LASER, Holography, Radio activity, Nuclear Fission & Fusion, Electric

current, its chemical, thermal and magnetic effects; electric motor; electric generator and electric

transformer; electric power plant, Domestic power supply and safety for handling electricity;

Human eye, its defects, their causes and remedies; Microscope and telescope; Conductors,

semiconductors and insulators.

Energy: Non-renewable and renewable energy sources. Energies like solar, wind, biogas, biomass,

geothermal, tidal and other renewable energy; Introduction to solar appliances viz Solar cell, solar

cooker, water heater etc. Biogas- principle and process. Energy Scenario in India: Problems of

Energy Crises, Govt. Policies and programs for power generation. Nuclear Power Program,

Nuclear policy of India- salient features, Recent trends in nuclear policy such as NPT (Nuclear

Non-Proliferation Treaty) and CTBT (comprehensive Test Ban Treaty). Thermal Power Program,

Hydroelectric Power program, Power distribution and National Grid. Agencies and Institutions

engaged in Energy security, Research and development.

Elementary idea of atomic structure; Types of elements and compounds; Physical and chemical

changes; Acids, bases, buffers and salts; pH scale; Properties and modern methods of purification

of drinking water; methods of production of washing soda; baking soda, bleaching powder and

plaster of paris; preparation of building materials – lime, cement, glass, aluminum and steel;

Preparation and properties of commonly used dyes, detergents, explosives, paints and varnishes;

Properties and applications of petroleum products; Methods of preparing alcohols (Methanol and

Ethanol); Polymers : Synthetic fibers (nylon and rayon), commodity plastics (polyethylene,

polystyrene and poly vinyl chloride), engineering plastics (ABS and poly carbonates) and rubbers

(polyisoprene and polybutadiene); Preliminary idea of medicine and its classification; Food

preservatives;  Introduction to alkaloids (nicotine and cocaine), carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose

and cellulose) and steroids (cholesterol).

Space Technology: Space programme in India and its applications with special reference to

industrial, agriculture, telecommunication, television, education and Indian missile programme,

Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System (GIS) and its application in weather

forecasting, Disaster warning, water, oil and mineral development, urban planning and rural

development activities; Introduction to Global Positioning System (GPS), and Indian Remote

Sensing (IRS) satellites system.

 Life Science

Structure and function of animal cell and cell organelles; 

Bio-Molecules; Introduction to basic functional aspects of mammalian systems- digestive,

circulatory, respiratory, nervous, excretory, endocrine and reproductive. Blood groups.

Chromosomes, linkage, sex-linked inheritance and sex determination, DNA and RNA; Economic

zoology (Fish and fisheries, Apiculture, Sericulture, Vermiculture, Piggery, Poultry, Dairy etc.).

Domestic and wild animals, usefulness of animals for mankind; exploitation of animals by man as

food and medicine.

Plants and mankind, characteristics of plants, structure and function of plant cells and organelles;

Diseases of plants caused by fungi, bacteria and viruses, etc. and their prevention; Basic concepts of

ecosystem, food web and food chain; Economic Botany.

Biotechnology:Introduction of Biotechnology, its potential to improve human life and national

economy through agriculture (biofertilizers, biopesticides, biofuels, genetically modified crops),

industrial development and employment generation. Areas of application -pharmaceuticals, human

healthcare, food technology, energy generation etc., Efforts of government in promoting

biotechnology in the country. Ethical, social, legal and IPR (intellectual property rights) issues

related to biotechnological development.

Introduction and applications of genetic engineering and stem cell research. Use of nano technology

in the field of agriculture, animal husbandary (cloning andtransgenic animals applications In Vitro

Fertilisation (IVF) and genetically modifiedorganismetc.). Biotechnology in environmental clean

up process. Production of Hybrid seeds and their processing techniques, Bt cotton and Bt brinjal

etc. Tissue culture and molecular markers.

Microbial infections; Introduction to bacterial, viral, protozoan and fungal infections in human

beings. Basic knowledge of infections caused by different groups of micro organisms- diarrhoea,

dysentry, cholera, tuberculosis, dengue, malaria, scrub typhus, viral infections like HIV,

encephalitis, chikungunya, bird flu- preventive measure during outbreaks. Zoonotic diseases;

elementary knowledge of vaccines, Immunology basic concepts.

Computer, Information & Communication Technology and Cyber Security

Definition of digital computer, Elements of computer: Input unit, Output unit, Primary memory,

Secondary memory and Processing unit.  Classifications, generations, applications and limitations

of digital computers.

Data, Data processing, business data processing, data storage, file management system and data

base management systems.

Software and application of PC software packages: Software definition, Type of software and its

value. Knowledge of Word processing, Spreadsheets and Power point presentation software

packages.

Basic element of Communication systems, data transmission mode, transmission media, network

topologies, network types, communication protocols, network security mechanism. Definition of

Internet, search tools, web browsers, e-mail and search engines. IT applications: E-cards, E-

shopping, E-commerce.

Role of external state and Non-state actor’s in creating challenges to internal security, challenges to

Internal security through communication networks, Role of media and Social networking sites in

internal security challenges, Basics of cyber security, Role of biometric devices in security, IT Act

(2000), Security challenges in border areas linkages of organized crime with terrorism,

Management in border areas by various security forces/agencies.

Environmental Problems and Disaster Management

Types of pollution and their management; air, water, soil, sound/noise, radioactive and e-waste.

Industrial waste and its management. Impact of Solid Waste Management, recycling and reuse,

Watershed Management, Watershed  approach for sustainable development, Human role in

pollution control, Environment and human health; Effects of pollutants on animals and plants;

urbanisation and industrial development.

Global Environmental Issues like Green House Effect, Green House Gases and their mitigation.

Climate Change, Acid Rain, Global Warming, Ozone depletion, Biodiversity and its conservation,

Hotspots and threats to Biodiversity. The Environment (Protection) Act(1986) and Forest

Conservation Act; Kyoto Protocol, Carbon Credits and Carbon Footprint; United Nations

Environmental Conservation Programme  (UNEP), National parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere reserves

and Botanical gardens; Wildlife and its management, human and wild animal struggle; Seismic

activity zones; Development and environment;

Disaster Management:Definition, nature, types and classification of disasters, Natural Hazards;

Causativefactors  and mitigation measures; Disaster Management Act(2005), National Disaster

Management Authorities(NDMA); Uttarakhand Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Authority;

earthquake, flood, cloudbrust, cyclone, tsunami, landslides, drought, etc; Factors affecting

mitigation measures;Disasters in the Uttarakhand Himalayan region and other Himalayan States.

Need of Eco- Sensitive Zones (ESZ’s) in Uttarakhand.Man made calamities- chemical and nuclear

hazards etc. Case studies of various natural and man made hazards  at international, national and

uttarakhand state level and their impact. NDRF (National Disaster Response Force) and SDRF

(State Disaster Response Force).

General awareness oncurrent events of State, National and International level.

 

Seventh Question Paper(General Aptitude and Ethics )

General Aptitude                                          MM: 120

 

 

Numbers and their classification: Natural, Real (Rational and Irrational), Integers, Division of

numbers and Prime Numbers, Operations on Real numbers, Power root method for real numbers,

Least Common Multiple (LCM) and Highest Common Factor (HCF) of Integers and their relation

& difference.

Ratio and its Properties, Expressing a given number into a given ratio, Comparison of ratios,

Respective proportion, Proportional relation between two or more numbers.

Exchange of a number into rate of interest and rate of interest into number, Expressing a given

quantity as a percentage of another quantity, conversion of a percentage into decimals and decimals

into percentage, effect of percentage change on any number, two step change of percentage for a

number, percentage excess and percentage shortness, gain percentage, profit and loss percentage,

relation between cost price and selling price.

Effect of change of principal (P), rate (R) and time (T) on simple interest, repayment of debt in

equal installments, compound interest when the interest is compounded yearly, half-yearly and

quarterly, rate of growth and depreciation, principal ammount, time, rate of interest, difference

between compound and simple interest.

Problems on basic concepts of work and time.

Simple linear simultaneous equations.

Sets, subsets, proper subsets, null set, operations on sets (Union, Intersection, Difference), Venn

diagram.

Elementary knowledge of triangle, rectangle, square, rhombus and circle, theorems related to their

properties and their parameter & area, volume and surface area of sphere, rectangular and circular

cylinder and cone, cube.

Cartesian system, plotting of a point and distance formula, section formula, area of a triangle.

Analogies, arrangement, causes and effects, family tree, puzzles based questions, sequences and

series, code based questions on letters of alphabet, syllogism, statement and conclusion, problems

based on clocks.

Significance, sufficiency, collection, classification of data, frequency, cumulative frequency,

tabulation and presentation of data: simple, multiple, subdivided bar diagram, pie chart, histogram,

frequency curve, frequency polygon, ogives, analysis and interpretation of data.

Arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean, median, mode, combined mean of several sets

of observations, average by increasing and decreasing of elements of sets, quartiles, deciles and

percentiles.

Classical and statistical definition of probability, addition and multiplication theorems of

probability with simple examples, events, sample space.

Ethics                                                                                                                       MM: 80

This section will include questions on, candidates in public life, integrity, honesty, attitude,

psychology, ethics and related case studies.

Emotional/

Psychological /Humanistic intelligence-concepts and their utilities and

application in administration and governance.

Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human

actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships. Human Values-

lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of

family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values.

Attitude: Content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behavior;

moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion.

Attitude and foundational values for Civil Service. Integrity, impartiality and nonpartisanship,

objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion

towards the weaker-sections of society.

Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from Uttarakhand State, India and World.

Need of Public service, Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration :

Status and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions;

laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance; accountability and

ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; ethical issues

in International relations and funding; corporate governance.

Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and

probity; Information sharing and transparency in government.

Right to information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture,

Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption, challenges

for public servents in view of changed envoirment.

Disaster and disaster management, Development of technique, Assistant /Prevailing in law.

The role of public servants in disaster management.

Case Studies on above issues.