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PAPER-I
SOCIAL SCIENCE AND LABOUR LAW
(DEGREE STANDARD)

SUBJECT CODE: 295

UNIT – I: INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL SCIENCE
Social science: Meaning, Nature and Scope – Branches of social sciences – Methods of Social
Sciences: Survey method – Case Study – Documentary – Historical Method – Characteristics of
Indian Society – Social Stratification in India – Caste and Class – Family and Kinship System in
India.

UNIT – II: EDUCATION AND RELIGIOUS SYSTEM IN INDIA
Education: Meaning – Socialization – Functions of Education – Education and Social Mobility –
Emerging Trends in Indian Educational System; Religion – Definition – Sacred and Profane –
Functions of Religion – Magic and Science – Changing Trends in Religious Life.

UNIT – III: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEM IN INDIA
Basic Principles of Indian Democracy – Indian Political Ideologies – National and Regional Political
Parties – Pressure Groups – Role of Caste in Politics – Functions of Government / State;
Economic System – Work and Occupations – Economics Dimensions of Division of Labour –
Indian Economic System – Merits and Demerits – Five Year Plans and Economic Planning –
Issues of Economic Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization.

UNIT – IV: AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
Structure and features of Indian Agrarian Systems – Land Reforms – Green Revolution –
Changing Trends in Indian Agriculture; Rural Development; Principles and Theories –
Decentralization of Power – Panchayat Raj – Community Development – Rural Cooperatives –
MGNREGA and other Welfare Schemes.

UNIT – V: SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS
Social Movement: Meaning – Nature and Formation of Social Movement – Dravidian Movement –
Backward Class Movement – Peasants Movement – Dalit Movement – Trade Union Movement –
Emerging New Social Movements – Feminist and Environmental Movements; Social Problems:
Poverty – Crime – Alcoholism and Drug Addiction – Unemployment – Corruption – Terrorism.

UNIT- VI : ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF LABOUR LEGISLATIONS
Labour in Ancient Society – Evolution of Concept of Master and Servant – Theory of Laissez Faire
- Labour Problems in India – Role of ILO in the Promotion of Labour Standards – Growth of Labour
Legislations in India Before and After Independence – Government Intervention in the Promotion

of Industrial Relations and Regulation of Labour Legislations – Labour Policy in India – Freedom of
Association and Constitutional Protection – Recommendations of National Commission on Labour
– Impact of Globalisation on Industrial Relations in India.

UNIT- VII : TRADE UNION LAW, COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND GRIEVANCE
PROCEDURE

a) History of Trade Union Movement in India – Emerging Challenges of Trade Unions.

b) Trade Unions Act, 1926 – Definitions – Procedure for Registration of Trade Unions
– Duties of Registrar – Trade Union Funds – Rights and Liabilities of Trade Unions
– Immunities and Privileges of Trade Unions – Rights and Duties of Office Bearers
and Members – Disqualification of Office Bearers and Members – Recognition of
Trade Unions.

c) Concept of Collective Bargaining – Prerequisites of Collective Bargaining –
Advantages and Disadvantages of Collective Bargaining – Collective Bargaining in
India – Enforcement of Collective Bargaining Agreements.

d) Grievance Settlement Procedure in India.

UNIT-VIII: LEGISLATIONS RELATING TO INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES, STANDING
ORDERS AND INDUSTRIAL DISCIPLINE

a) Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 – Object and Scope – Definitions – Appropriate
Government – Industry – Industrial Dispute – Workman –Employer – Award and
Settlement – Public Utility Services – Strike and Lock out – Lay off and
Retrenchment of Workmen – Transfer and Closure of Industrial Establishments -
Methods and Authorities to Settle Industrial Disputes – Unfair Labour Practices -
Victimisation of Labour.

b) Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946 – Object, Extent and
Application of Standing Orders – Concept and Nature of Standing Orders –
Certification Process – Certifying Officers – Operation and Binding Effect of Certified
Standing Orders – Appeals Against Certification- Powers and Duties of Appellate
Authority – Modification of Standing Orders.
c) Domestic Enquiry and Disciplinary Proceedings.

UNIT- IX : SOCIAL SECURITY AND LABOUR WELFARE LEGISLATIONS

a) Concept, Evolution and Objectives of Social Security – Social Security and
Constitution of India – ILO on social security – Social Security Measures in India.

b) The Employees’ Compensation Act, 1923 – Scope and Objective -Definitions -
Liability of the Employer to Pay Compensation – Personal injury, Accident, Arising
out of and in the Course of Employment – Doctrine of Notional Extension -
Occupational Diseases – Determination and Distribution of Compensation -
Commissioner’s Powers and Functions – Penalties.
c) The Employee’s State Insurance Act, 1948 – Objectives and Application –
Definitions – E.S.I. Corporation – E.S.I. Funds – Payment of Contributions – E.S.I.
Benefits – Adjudication of Disputes and Claims – Penalties.

d) The Employees’ Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 – Scope
and Application – Definitions – Powers and Functions of the Authorities to
Administer the Schemes – Contributions – Employees’ Provident Fund Scheme -
Employees’ Pension Scheme – Deposit linked Insurance Scheme – Penalties.
e) The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 – Objective and Application – Maternity Benefit and
Other Benefits – Notice of Claim – Prohibition against Dismissal and Wage
Deduction – Powers and Duties of Inspectors – Penalties.

f) The Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 – Concept of Bonus- Extent and Application -
Definitions – Kinds of Bonus – Eligibility and Extent of Bonus – Computation of
Bonus – Available Surplus – Allocable Surplus – Set on and Set off – Forfeiture of
Bonus – Powers and Functions of Inspectors – Penalties.
g) Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 – object and Scope – Definitions – Payment of
Gratuity – Determination of Gratuity – Controlling Authority – Recovery and
Forfeiture of Gratuity – Powers and Functions of Inspectors – Penalties.

h) Labour Welfare Legislations

1) Concept of Labour Welfare – Factories Act, 1948 – object and Scope -
Definitions – Formalities to Start a Factory Inspecting Staff and Certifying
Surgeons – General and Special Duties of Occupier – Health, Safety and
Welfare Measures – Working Hours – Employment of Women and Young
Persons – Annual Leave with Wages – Special Provisions – Penalties.

2) The Tamil Nadu Shops and Establishment Act, 1947 – Applicability and
Coverage – Opening and Closing Hours – Employment of Young Persons -
Working Hours – Public Holiday – Safety and Cleanliness – Leave and Annual
Leave with Wages – Inspectors – Penalties.

3) Child Labour and abolition of Child Labour System.

UNIT – X : LAW RELATING TO WAGES
a) Concept of Wage – Living Wage, Fair Wage and Minimum Wage – Theories of
Wages – Wage Policy in India – Role of Wage Boards – Constitutional Safeguards
on Wages.

b) Minimum Wages Act, 1948 – Object and Application of the Act – Definitions -
Fixation and Revision of Minimum Rates of Wages – Composition, Powers and
Functions of Committees and Advisory Boards – Inspectors – Authority for Hearing
and Deciding Claims -Offences and Penalties.

c) Payment of Wages Act, 1936 – Object and Application of the Act – Definitions –
Authorised Deductions – Authority to Hear and Decide Claims – Inspectors and their
Powers – Penalties.

d) Equal Remuneration Act 1976 – Equal Pay for Equal Work.

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